The infant Jesus responds with playful enthusiasm to an adoring Saint Catherine, a former princess identified by pearls and a martyr’s palm. She was esteemed as an intercessor for young women because of her mystical marriage to Christ. The picture’s warm humanity and elegantly rhythmic composition reflect Van Dyck’s great admiration for Titian, Veronese, and other north Italian artists during his years in Italy (1621–27).

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   This portrait was probably a gift to the bridegroom of Princess Mary of England on the occasion of their marriage in 1641. Van Dyck represents the ten-year-old princess with a maturity and poise beyond her years. She is not dressed as a child, but as a woman worthy of sharing the sovereignty of Holland with William II of Orange. Van Dyck was court painter to Charles I and highly acclaimed for his regal yet sensitive portrayals of the royal family.

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