This familiar image was exhibited publicly for the first time at the Art Institute of Chicago, winning a three-hundred-dollar prize and instant fame for Grant Wood. The impetus for the painting came while Wood was visiting the small town of Eldon in his native Iowa. There he spotted a little wood farmhouse, with a single oversized window, made in a style called Carpenter Gothic. “I imagined American Gothic people with their faces stretched out long to go with this American Gothic house,” he said. He used his sister and his dentist as models for a farmer and his daughter, dressing them as if they were “tintypes from my old family album.” The highly detailed, polished style and the rigid frontality of the two figures were inspired by Flemish Renaissance art, which Wood studied during his travels to Europe between 1920 and 1926. After returning to settle in Iowa, he became increasingly appreciative of midwestern traditions and culture, which he celebrated in works such as this. American Gothic, often understood as a satirical comment on the midwestern character, quickly became one of America’s most famous paintings and is now firmly entrenched in the nation’s popular culture. Yet Wood intended it to be a positive statement about rural American values, an image of reassurance at a time of great dislocation and disillusionment. The man and woman, in their solid and well-crafted world, with all their strengths and weaknesses, represent survivors.

百度翻译：http://fanyi.baidu.com

　　《美国哥特式》与《自由女神像》，《芭比娃娃》，《野牛镍币》和《山姆大叔》称为美国文化的五大象征。

　　1928年，格兰特·伍德去了德国慕尼黑，很为那里的哥特艺术所迷恋。所谓的哥特式建筑，主要由石头的骨架券和飞扶壁组成。其基本单元是在一个正方形或矩形平面四角的柱子上作双圆心骨架尖券，四边和对角线上各一道，屋面石板架在券上，形成拱顶。采用这种方式，可以在不同跨度上作出矢高相同的券，拱顶重量轻，交线分明，减少了券脚的推力，简化了施工。由于采用了尖券、尖拱和飞扶壁等建筑形式，哥特式教堂的内部空间高旷、单纯、统一。装饰细部也都用尖券作主题，使建筑风格与结构手法形成有机整体。