艺术品展示 / 油画
《静物:圣塞巴斯蒂安弓箭手协会的饮酒号角、龙虾和玻璃杯》【Still Life with the Drinking-Horn
of the Saint Sebastian Archers' Guild, Lobster and Glasses】

名家名作

《静物:圣塞巴斯蒂安弓箭手协会的饮酒号角、龙虾和玻璃杯》
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档案记录

画作名称:

Still Life with the Drinking-Horn of the Saint Sebastian Archers' Guild, Lobster and Glasses

中文名称:
静物:圣塞巴斯蒂安弓箭手协会的饮酒号角、龙虾和玻璃杯
画 家:
威廉·卡尔夫(Willem Kalf)
作品年份:
about 1653 年
原作材质:
布面油画
画作尺寸:
86.4 × 102.2 cm
馆藏链接:
英国国家美术馆(The National Gallery, London)
备注信息:

       This still-life painting – one of the most popular genres in seventeenth-century Holland – celebrates the challenges of depicting the play of light on different surfaces and textures. Look at the subtle highlights on the weave of the Turkish carpet, the sheen and lustre on silver and glass, the moist flesh of the lemon and waxy texture of its peel.

       The objects chosen also evoke a sumptuous lifestyle. Lobster was a luxury dish and lemons were rare and expensive, as were the fine glass, the oriental rug and silver tableware. It was probably commissioned by a member, or members, of the Saint Sebastian Archers' Guild in Amsterdam. The base of the silver mount which holds the drinking horn depicts Saint Sebastian’s martyrdom – he was tied up and shot with arrows – while the support underneath the table has been carved into a figure of the Roman god Cupid, famous for his arrows of love.


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       This still-life painting – one of the most popular genres in seventeenth-century Holland – celebrates the challenges of depicting the play of light on different surfaces and textures. Look at the way the artist has depicted the subtle highlights on the weave of the Turkish carpet, the sheen and lustre on silver and glass, the moist flesh of the lemon and waxy texture of its peel. The detail is so fine and convincing that if you look closely at the gleam of light on the rim of the left-hand glass you can even make out the reflection of a window.

       But this picture is full of energy as well as detail. Look at powerful curves of the buffalo horn which sweep down from the top of the picture, and how they are countered by the arched tail of the lobster poised below. The lobster’s bright red shell and its drooping antennae confirm that it has been cooked, but the set of that tail and the menacing glint in its eye seem to suggest otherwise, adding power and tension to the composition. There are moments of stillness and serenity too, captured by the sunbeams which glow in the decanter and glasses.

       These objects were not only chosen to display the painter’s virtuosity, they also celebrate a sumptuous lifestyle. Lobster was a luxury dish and lemons were rare and expensive, as were the fine glass, oriental rug and silver tableware. There’s red and white wine, adding to a sense of indulgence and plenty – a sense also reflected in rich colours, offset by the dark background.

       It is a combination which is typical of what was known at the time as a ‘Pronkstilleven’ or ‘ostentatious still life’. The artist, Willem Kalf, was its most famous and successful exponent. He had been born in Rotterdam but in 1653, at the age of 34, he settled in Amsterdam. This painting was probably made just after that, when he was establishing himself as the leading still-life painter in Holland.

       This work was probably commissioned by a member, or members, of the Saint Sebastian Archers’ Guild in Amsterdam. It formed part of the civic guard, which was intended to protect the city from attack but was also a sort of high-status gentlemen’s club. The connection with the guild is suggested by the intricate base of the silver mount which holds the drinking horn. It depicts the martyrdom of their patron, Saint Sebastian: he’s tied to a tree, shot with arrows and guarded by his persecutors, two Roman soldiers. At the top of the mount a lion holds a shield bearing the arms of the city of Amsterdam. The theme of archery is also echoed in the support underneath the table, which has been carved into a figure of the Roman god Cupid, famous for his arrows of love.

       If it was a guild, rather than a personal, commission, it may well have hung in their headquarters, a shooting range on the Singel Canal in Amsterdam which was known as the Handboogdoelen. The building still exists.

     

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@维基百科:A rummer (also known as a Römer or Roemer, among other variations) was a type of large drinking glass studded with prunts to ensure a safe grip, popular mainly in the Rhineland and the Netherlands from the 15th through the 17th century. Rummers lacked the flared bowl of the Berkemeyer and had much thinner walls. The hollow base was built up by coiling strands of molten glass around a conical core. Römers were quite distinct from the Berkemeyers, but both types evolved from the German "cabbage stalk" glasses which were cylindrical with prunts. Römers are usually green in colour and with Berkemeyers were sometimes engraved with images and inscriptions.(roemer是一种酒杯的名字)

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